Operational Technology (OT) is often mentioned in the same breath as manufacturing and installation companies. However, OT systems are also indispensable—and often vulnerable—within municipalities. Think of traffic control systems, pumping stations, and bridges, but also smart lighting, car parks, and sewage systems. All of these systems are essential for the daily functioning of public spaces.
The digitalisation of these installations brings many benefits, such as improved remote control and monitoring. At the same time, it introduces new cybersecurity challenges, especially considering the wide range of systems involved:
✅ Traffic Management
- Traffic light control systems (VRI)
- Dynamic route information panels (DRIP)
- Bridge and lock operations (remote control and monitoring)
- Tunnel systems (ventilation, lighting, fire detection systems)
✅ Public Lighting and Energy Supply
- Street lighting (smart lighting, sensor-controlled)
- Charging stations for electric vehicles (EV chargers)
- Energy plants for district heating or local energy generation
✅ Water Management and Sewer Systems
- Pumping stations and pumps (for sewer and water drainage)
- Drinking water installations (sometimes managed by local councils or in collaboration with water companies)
- Fountains and water features in public areas
✅ Environment and Waste Management
- Waste bins and underground waste systems (equipped with sensors or remote monitoring)
- Waste collection points and their access/security systems
✅ Access Control and Safety
- Entry gates for municipal car parks or properties
- Access control and surveillance for public event locations
- CCTV systems (often integrated with physical security systems)
✅ Smart City Applications
- Sensors and monitoring networks for air quality, noise, and other environmental data
- Smart traffic signs or public information boards (digital signage in public spaces)
- Smart benches or public facilities with Wi-Fi/charging points
Municipalities typically have suppliers and contracts in place to manage these systems. However, the governing responsibility lies with the municipalities themselves. Properly arranging and agreeing on responsibilities in line with the upcoming NIS2 Cybersecurity Act will be a substantial undertaking.
